ANALYSIS OF INDICATORS OF THE NEUROMUSCULAR APPARATUS AND KINEMATIC CHARACTERISTICS OF THE RUNNING TECHNIQUE OF TRACK AND FIELD ATHLETES OF SPORTS PERSONS WITH INTELLECTUAL DISABILITIES
Keywords:
neuromuscular apparatus, viscoelastic properties, kinematic indicators, running technique, athletes with intellectual disabilities.Abstract
Objective of the study was to reveal the features of bioelectrical activity and viscoelastic properties of the muscles of the lower extremities in relation to the kinematic characteristics of the 100-meter run technique in athletes with intellectual disabilities.
Methods and structure of the study. With the participation of 23 athletes with a mild degree of mental retardation, studies were carried out using non-invasive methods of electromyography, myotonometry and the calculation of the asymmetry coefficient to assess the functional capabilities of the muscles of the lower extremities, indicators were analyzed at rest and during static muscle tension. A video analysis of the 100-meter running technique and a correlation analysis were carried out.
Results and conclusions. The features of bioelectrical activity and viscoelastic properties of the muscles of the lower extremities at rest and under static load were revealed. At rest, high values of the amplitude of muscle contraction, asymmetry of the indicators of tone and stiffness of the studied muscle groups on the left are noted. Under static load, muscle asymmetry to the left was revealed, higher functional reserves of the studied muscle groups of the lower extremities on the left were shown. Correlation analysis showed a high degree of interdependence of running technique indicators with bioelectrical activity and stiffness of the studied muscles of the left lower limb.
References
Vedernikova I.V., Karas T.Yu. Osobennosti razvitiya dvigatelno-koordinatsionnykh sposobnostey u detey mladshego shkolnogo vozrasta s legkoy umstvennoy otstalostyu [Features of the development of motor-coordinating abilities in children of primary school age with mild mental retardation]. Vestnik nauchnogo obshchestva studentov, aspirantov i molodykh uchenykh. 2017. No. 2. pp. 23-28.
Eremushkin M.A. Kharakteristika myshechnoy raboty u sportsmenov-legkoatletov s narusheniyem intellekta, slukha i detskim tserebralnym paralichom [Characteristics of muscular work in athletes-athletes with intellectual impairment, hearing impairment and cerebral palsy]. Vestnik vosstanovitelnoy meditsiny. 2021. No. 20 (2). pp. 23-28.
Krasnoperova T.V., Beleva A.N., Ivanova I.G. Tekhnika legkoatleticheskogo bega na distantsii 100 metrov i sostoyaniye myshts nizhnikh konechnostey u sportsmenov s narusheniyem intellekta [Technique of athletics running at a distance of 100 meters and the state of the muscles of the lower extremities in athletes with intellectual disabilities]. Adaptivnaya fizicheskaya kultura. 2022. No. 1 (89). pp. 42-46.
Nikulina Zh.V., Petrov A.A., Maksimov A.S., Ershov V.Yu., Nikulin V.A. Kinematicheskiy analiz tekhniki bega s maksimalnoy skorostyu i spetsialnykh begovykh uprazhneniy [Kinematic analysis of running technique with maximum speed and special running exercises]. Teoriya i praktika fizicheskoy kultury. 2015. No. 6. pp. 71-73.
Samylichev A.S., Oleinik V.M. Myshechnaya rabotosposobnost uchashchikhsya vspomogatelnoy shkoly [Muscular performance of secondary school students]. Defektologiya. 2012. No. 3. p. 17.
Fedotova I.V. Osobennosti psikhicheskogo i fizicheskogo razvitiya detey s narusheniyami intellekta [Features of the mental and physical development of children with intellectual disabilities]. Mezhdunarodnyy studencheskiy nauchnyy vestnik. 2017. No. 3. pp. 50-57.
Dariusz Mroczek, Edward Superlak, Marek Konefał, Maćkała Krzysztof, Pawel Chmura, Tomasz Seweryniak, Jan Chmura. Changes in the Stiffness of Thigh Muscles in the Left and Right Limbs During Six Weeks of Plyometric Training in Volleyball Players. June 2018. Polish Journal of Sport and Tourism 25(2):20-24. DOI: 10.2478 / pjst-2018-0010.
Hoffman L.R., Koppenhaver S.L., MacDonald C.W. et al. Normative Parameters of Gastrocnemius Muscle Stiffness and Associations with Patient Characteristics and Function. Int J Sports Phys Ther. 2021. No. 16 (1). pp. 41-48.
Melo ASC., Cruz EB, Vilas-Boas JP et al. Scapular Dynamic Muscular Stiffness Assessed through Myotonometry: A Narrative Review. Sensors (Basel). 2022. No. 22(7). p.2565.
Ning X., Haddad O., Jin S. & Mirca G. Influence of asymmetry on the flexion relaxation response of the low back musculature. Clinical Biomechanics (Bristol, Avon). 2011. No. 26 (1). pp.35-39.
Vigotsky A.D., Halperin I., Lehman G.J., et al. Interpreting signal amplitudes in surface electromyography studies in sport and rehabilitation sciences. Front Physiol. 2018. No. 8. p. 985.
