Physiological and motor characteristics of long distance running depending on the level of preparedness
Keywords:
athletes, running, physiological functions of the body, motor functions of the body, energy supply.Abstract
Objective of the study is to substantiate the relationship between the physiological and motor characteristics of long-distance running and the growth of sports achievements.
Methods and structure of the study. The study involved 20 students involved in athletics and qualifying for long-distance running (group A (n=10) – II adult category, group B (n=10) – I adult category and above). The experiment used running tests on a treadmill, during which a complex of cardiorespiratory, metabolic and motor characteristics were recorded. Long-distance running is characterized by maximum mobilization of body systems. The study made it possible to establish that an increase in most of the studied physiological indicators indicates an increase in the functional capabilities of those involved, and with an increase in the preparedness of athletes, the energy cost of running decreases and the ratio of aerobic and anaerobic components of energy supply changes towards an increase in the share of the anaerobic component.
Results and conclusions. The maximum values of a number of physiological parameters recorded during the 3000 m run were compared with the corresponding data obtained in tests on a treadmill, which made it possible to determine maximum aerobic and anaerobic capabilities. An increase in most of the studied indicators indicates an increase in the functional capabilities of the body of those involved. During the study, the following pattern was revealed: with increasing fitness of athletes, energy consumption during running decreases, and the ratio of aerobic and anaerobic energy supply modes changes towards an increase in the share of the anaerobic component.
References
Venediktov I.N., Yarchikovskaya L.V., Mironova O.V., Sharonova A.V., Lukina S.M. Povysheniye rabotosposobnosti obuchayushchikhsya metodom reglamentirovannogo upravleniya dykhaniyem [Increasing the performance of students using the method of regulated breathing control]. Teoriya i praktika fizicheskoy kultury. 2023. No. 4. pp. 58-60.
Dementyev K.N., Mironova O.V., Tokareva A.V. Metodika podgotovki studentov-yunoshey k sdache norm GTO [Methodology for preparing male students to pass the GTO standards]. Fizicheskaya kultura, sport i zdorovye. 2017. No. 29. pp. 14-17.
Demesh V.P., Ustinova O.N., Venediktov I.N., Sergeeva A.G. Programma upravleniya protsessom begovoy podgotovki voyennosluzhashchikh i gossluzhashchikh k vypolneniyu kontrol'nykh normativov [Program for managing the process of running training of military personnel and civil servants to meet control standards]. Teoriya i praktika fizicheskoy kultury. 2021. No. 12. pp. 63-65.
Efimova-Komarova L.B., Efimov-Komarov V.Yu., Tokareva A.V. Fizicheskaya kultura. Praktikum po samokontrolyu [Physical Culture. Workshop on self-control]. Study guide. SPb., publ., 2016. 74 p.
Mironova O.V., Dementyev K.N., Grigoryev V.I., Pristav O.V. Kompleks GTO kak mobilizatsionnyy instrument kapitalizatsii chelovecheskikh resursov [The GTO complex as a mobilization tool for capitalizing human resources]. Teoriya i praktika fizicheskoy kultury. 2016. No. 9. pp. 39-42.
Mironova O.V., Bulavchenko K.V., Sharonova A.V., Kiprushina I.I. Programma trenirovok dlya devushek-pervokursnits, osvaivayushchikh razdel samostoyatelnoy raboty po distsipline «Fizicheskaya kultura i sport» [Training program for first-year girls mastering the section of independent work in the discipline «Physical Culture and Sports»]. Teoriya i praktika fizicheskoy kultury. 2021. No. 12. pp. 82-83.
Plotnikova S.S., Kovshura T.E., Sidorenko A.S., Yarchikovskaya L. V. Korrektsiya tempo-ritmovoy struktury bega na sredniye distantsii studentok vuza za schet povysheniya skorostno-silovogo potentsiala [Correction of the tempo-rhythm structure of middle-distance running among university students by increasing speed-strength potential]. Teoriya i praktika fizicheskoy kultury. 2016. No. 11. pp. 60-62.
Tokareva A.V., Getman V.D., Efimova-Komarova L.B. Samokontrol i metody otsenki fizicheskogo i funktsionalnogo sostoyaniya studentov [Self-monitoring and methods for assessing the physical and functional state of students]. Study guide. SPbGASU, publ. SPb., 2016. 101 p.
Tokareva A.V., Mironova O.V., Moskalenko I.S., Yarchikovskaya L. V., Bolotin A.E. Formirovaniye navykov organizatsii samostoyatelnykh aerobnykh trenirovok u studentov vuzov dlya uspeshnykh rezultatov ekzamenatsionnoy sessii [Formation of skills for organizing independent aerobic training among university students for successful results of the examination session]. Teoriya i praktika fizicheskoy kultury. 2016. No. 9. pp. 12-15.
